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Anand Pandey
K.P. Tiwari
Keywords:
Conducting polymers; nanocomposites; polyaniline; polypyrrole; PEDOT; graphene; carbon nanotubes; electrical conductivity; sensors; supercapacitors; flexible electronics.
Abstract:
Conducting polymer nanocomposites have emerged as an important class of multifunctional materials because they combine the electronic and electrochemical properties of conducting polymers with the structural, mechanical, optical, magnetic, thermal or catalytic characteristics of nanoscale fillers. Conducting polymers such as polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polythiophene (PTh), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), polyacetylene and their derivatives possess conjugated molecular backbones that enable charge transport after suitable doping. However, their practical application can be restricted by poor mechanical strength, environmental instability, limited processability and structural degradation during repeated electrical or electrochemical cycling. Incorporation of nanomaterials such as graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, transition-metal dichalcogenides and other two-dimensional materials can substantially modify these limitations. The final properties of a nanocomposite depend strongly on polymer structure, degree of conjugation, dopant chemistry, filler type, particle size, filler concentration, interfacial interactions, dispersion and processing method. This article discusses the molecular and nanostructural features of conducting polymer nanocomposites, mechanisms of electrical conduction, factors affecting electrical properties, major preparation methods and important characterization techniques. Functional applications in supercapacitors, batteries, sensors, electromagnetic interference shielding, flexible electronics, electrochromic devices, solar-energy systems, corrosion protection, photocatalysis and biomedical technologies are also reviewed. Recent research increasingly focuses on nanostructured architectures, hybrid fillers, flexible and wearable devices, environmentally sustainable materials and multifunctional systems capable of simultaneously providing electrical, mechanical and electrochemical functionality.
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International Journal of Recent Research and Review
ISSN: 2277-8322
Vol. XVIII, Issue 2
June 2025
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PUBLISHED
June 2025
ISSUE
Vol. XVIII, Issue 2
SECTION
Articles
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