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Neelanjana Rajawat
Keywords:
Groundwater Contamination, Rajasthan, Fluoride, Arsenic, Nitrate, Uranium, Public Health, Fluorosis, Methemoglobinemia, Vulnerability, Water Pollution, Environmental Health, Rural Areas.
Abstract:
Increasing groundwater contamination is emerging as major public health and environmental challenge in Rajasthan given that more than 90% of the state population, particularly in rural areas is using groundwater for drinking and domestic purposes. The special geology of the region and excessive use of aquifers have led to high concentrations of geogenic, and in some instances anthropogenic contaminants being found in deep and shallow wells, particularly fluoride, arsenic, nitrate and uranium. Long-term consumption of these pollutants has resulted in an increase in major health problems such as dental and skeletal fluorosis, methemoglobinemia, and kidney diseases. This study examines the spatial variability of the distribution of pollutants in the groundwater in two of the most affected districts in Rajasthan, and its likely sources as well as the socio-economic vulnerability posed to the affected communities in terms of the public health geography framework. The study points out that the marginalized populations are heavily affected due to poor availability of safe water options, lack of knowledge, and poor health care systems. By adopting an interdisciplinary framework including spatial mapping, literature review and policy analysis, the study suggests comprehensive adaptation strategies, including alternative sources for potable water, sustainable agricultural practice, inexpensive water filtration, and public education. The objective of the results is to assist evidence-based planning and local interventions for water security and health protection in Rajasthan.
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International Journal of Recent Research and Review
ISSN: 2277-8322
Vol. XVII, Issue 4
December 2024
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PUBLISHED
December 2024
ISSUE
Vol. XVII, Issue 4
SECTION
Articles
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